Certified Floodplain Manager (CFM) Practice Exam

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What does runoff refer to in the context of FEMA 480?

  1. Waste water from industrial facilities

  2. Rainfall and snowmelt reaching a stream

  3. The process of water filtering through soil

  4. Excess irrigation water in agricultural fields

The correct answer is: Rainfall and snowmelt reaching a stream

Runoff refers to the water that comes from precipitation or melting snow that flows over land and eventually reaches a stream, river, or other water body. This water carries sediment, nutrients, and other pollutants with it, making it important to manage and control. Option A is incorrect because runoff does not specifically refer to waste water from industrial facilities, but rather any type of water that flows over land. Option C is incorrect because this describes infiltration, which is the process of water filtering through soil. Option D is incorrect because that refers to excess irrigation water in agricultural fields, rather than runoff from precipitation or snowmelt.

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